From type/X/Inheritance/Unsupported

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The type object that the child tried to inherit from.

From type/IO/Path

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multi method parent(IO::Path:D:)
multi method parent(IO::Path:D: UInt:D $level)

Returns the parent path of the invocant. Note that no actual filesystem access is made, so the returned parent is physical and not the logical parent of symlinked directories.

'/etc/foo'.IO.parent.say; # OUTPUT: «"/etc".IO␤» 
'/etc/..' .IO.parent.say; # OUTPUT: «"/etc".IO␤» 
'/etc/../'.IO.parent.say; # OUTPUT: «"/etc".IO␤» 
'./'      .IO.parent.say; # OUTPUT: «"..".IO␤» 
'foo'     .IO.parent.say; # OUTPUT: «".".IO␤» 
'/'       .IO.parent.say; # OUTPUT: «"/".IO␤» 
IO::Path::Win32.new('C:/').parent.say; # OUTPUT: «"C:/".IO␤»

If $level is specified, the call is equivalent to calling .parent() $level times:

say "/etc/foo".IO.parent(2) eqv "/etc/foo".IO.parent.parent; # OUTPUT: «True␤»